![]() ![]() She can breathe fire, whether it be a short plume from her throat or an arcing fireball mortar. In the rebooted universe, however, she has been greatly improved with cybernetic enhancements. In the original universe, Riptor has a fairly basic moveset, fighting mainly with rabid claw, jaw and tail attacks, along with a venom-spitting attack. If you're lucky, you might actually see her before she begins to eat you. She is quite intelligent for an animal, though she still can’t resist some of her primal instincts, and in the end all she really wants is a good meal of fresh meat. She is a cunning and clever hunter who leads her pack of Stalkers with power and authority, quickly striking down the enemies of Ultratech with fierce genius. Riptor’s personality is difficult to determine due to her animalistic reptilian nature. Its tail is also stretchable, similar to its default appearance. ![]() Riptor's retro costume mirrors its Killer Instinct (1994) appearance with additional anklets on its legs and has become less bulky than it was in the first game. The hexagonal patterns along its body slowly fade in and out from light blue to black, and bar codes and the UltraTech logo are tattooed in several places. In place of its signature shackles are metal plates. Metal bionics run down Riptor's back and down to the end of its tail, and its claws have been given blue energy enhancements. However, the biggest change by far are the cybernetic components. Its eyes are slightly larger and its head is less pointed, and three flimsy spikes protrude from the back of its head. In Killer Instinct (2013), Riptor's muscle mass is distributed in a more reptilian and less humanoid manner, giving it a smaller chest and thinner arms. The color of its scales changes depending on its renders and in-game appearance, ranging from being primarily orange with black stripes, not unlike that of a tiger, to green scales around its back and tail to orange scales on the underside of its body. In the original Killer Instinct game, Riptor is a human/velociraptor hybrid, having the basic appearance of a velociraptor, but with much larger arms, humanoid muscle mass in the chest area, and broken shackles hanging from its wrists. ![]()
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![]() ![]() :num - Display the current line’s line number.Use Terminal to force empty Trash on Mac Prevent websites, ISP, and other parties from tracking you. Empty Trash cannot be completed because the item is locked Method 3. Cant empty Trash because the Item is still in use Method 2. I - Insert text at the beginning of the current line. Ways to force empty Trash on Mac computer Method 1.a - Append after the cursor’s current position.O - Open a new line above the current line. Termial.app drops you off at /Users/yourusername by default (I think or Im just so damn used to iTerm) so going right in to Trash is possible.o - Open a new line under the current line.p - Paste a line of yanked text below the current line.This list of shortcuts is by no means exhaustive, but they will enable you to edit files and learn Vi in a short amount of time. Feel free to use the common keyboard shortcut list below to help you learn Vi’s extensive vocabulary. The best way to learn Vi is to create a new file and try it out for yourself. This is especially critical when editing system and configuration files. Note: Always make a copy of an existing file prior to editing with Vi or any editor. If you forgot to save the Word documents and delete them, its likely the documents can still be in your Trash folder. If you’ve made mistakes along the way while editing and want to back out (abandon) all non-saved changes, enter Command mode by pressing Esc and typing :q! This command quits without saving any changes and exits Vi. In Vi, write means save, and quit means exit. The other, quicker option is to use the keyboard shortcut ZZ to write and quit. Press Esc to enter Command mode, and then type :wq to write and quit the file. To save a file, you must first be in Command mode. In Vi's Command mode, almost every letter on the keyboard has a function. To return to Command mode, press the Esc key once. In Insert mode, you can enter text, use the Enter key to go to a new line, use the arrow keys to navigate text, and use vi as a free-form text editor. Command mode means you can use keyboard keys to navigate, delete, copy, paste, and do a number of other tasks-except entering text. I tried an app called TrashIt, but its not working for me. Several files are from a bunch of old backups that I no longer needed. When you first open a file with Vi, you are in Command mode. I have a ton of files stuck in my trash bin, and I cant get it to empty. The Vi editor has two modes: Command and Insert. Cheat sheet: Old Linux commands and their modern replacements. ![]() There are various factors that may cause your Trash not to get emptied on a Mac. Click the Force Quit button (first on the nag bar at the top left) Sometimes the processes still run in the background and wont allow emptying the trash. Open Activity Monitor Under Process Name, look for QuickTime Player, VLC or whatever plays the content. ![]() Linux system administration skills assessment It’ll force the files to be deleted letting you have an empty Trash app on your Mac machine. Hold option button down while you empty the trash.A guide to installing applications on Linux.Download RHEL 9 at no charge through the Red Hat Developer program.Format errors on the Windows partition can sometimesĬreate items in the Trash that cannot be removed in Mac OS X. Move the new folder to the Trash, and then empty it.Ĭamp, restart your computer in Windows and run disk repair Create a new folder, and then move what you want to delete into.If you log in as a normal user, you won't have enoughĪccess privileges to throw away certain files. Log in with an administrator account and try to throw.Information, see ARCHIVED: In the Mac OS X Disk Utility, what is the First Aid function, and when Has finished, try to empty the Trash or throw the item away. Run a file repair program such as Disk Utility or OnyX.It, click Yes or Replace, and then throw the moved When the Finder asks you if you want to replace Then move or copy it into the folder where the recalcitrant item is Create a new file or folder in a different folder or disk from the.Then, from the Finder menu, selecting Empty Trash. Them to the Trash, then holding down Option, and You can force the Trash to empty even locked files by dragging.Remove files that give you errors, and then try trashing If the item is a folder, try throwing away each of the files.Note that you won't be able to delete a folder if If the file is locked, unlock it andĮmpty the Trash. If the item is a file, click the file once. ![]() Quit all open applications, and then try to Check to see if the file (or a file within the folder) is being.If you cannot delete an item in Mac OS X, try the Information here may no longer be accurate, and links may no longer be available or reliable. This content has been archived, and is no longer maintained by Indiana University. ![]() ![]() ![]() HTML to Plain TEXT Converter Online works well on Windows, MAC, Linux, Chrome, Firefox, Edge, and Safari.Click the Upload button and then choose File. This tool allows you to load an HTML file to convert to TEXT.Click the URL button, then enter the URL and press the Submit button. Convert HTML to Text allows you to load an HTML URL and convert it to TEXT.This tool helps you to get plain text from html very quickly without writing single line of code.Let's see what you can do with HTML to TEXT Creating a plain text copy of an HTML document for backup or archival purposes. ![]() ![]() To make an HTML document easier to read or edit, the formatting is removed.Text extraction from an HTML document for use in text-based analysis or search.Giving users who prefer or require it a plain text version of an HTML document.This can be useful in a variety of ways, including: When you convert HTML to plain text, you remove all formatting, images, and other non-text elements from the document, leaving only the text. If you need to extract text from large amounts of HTML, an HTML parser is likely to be more efficient and error-free than a regular expression. The approach you take will be determined by your specific requirements, such as the size and structure of the HTML, the information to be extracted, and the resources available. Depending on the programming language you use, libraries such as Readability.js for JavaScript can help you extract main content from an article while minimizing noise such as ads, sidebar, and others.If you need to extract text from a live web page but don't want to deal with the hassle of loading the HTML into your programme, this can be useful. Most modern web browsers include developer tools that allow you to inspect and extract web page elements.If you only want to extract specific pieces of text or work with a small amount of HTML, this can be a good option A regular expression can be used to search through an HTML document and extract text.Want to learn more about how a DAM could benefit your team? Sign up for a free Brandfolder trial or schedule a demo with one of our DAM experts here.Depending on your specific use case and the tools you have available, there are a few different ways to extract text from HTML. Once published or distributed, DAMs can analyze how, where and by whom assets are being used.ĭigital asset management platforms are used by marketing, sales and creative teams at some of the world's largest brands. When used for distribution, DAMs encourage asset permissioning and expiration, ensuring only the correct content is available to the correct recipient for a specified amount of time. In addition to meticulous organization within the DAM’s central file system, these files are discoverable using unique identifiers such as their metadata and tags (auto and manual). LambdaTests free online Extract Text from XML tool can extract text from an XML. DAMs are intended to encourage the organization of a company’s digital architecture, eliminating the use of buried files and folders typically housed in Google Drive or Dropbox.ĭAM systems scale to store massive quantities of digital assets, including but not limited to: photos, audio files, graphics, logos, colors, animations, 3D video, PDF files, fonts, etc. Free online tool to remove all XML tags and preserves text structure. ![]() A DAM is a software platform brands use to store, edit, distribute and track their brand assets. Digital Asset Management (DAM) has, in recent years, become a critical system for companies of all industries and sizes. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() This includes GPS, AIS receivers & transponders, and Instruments (Depth, Speed, Wind, etc.) Using the iPhone's, iPod touch's and iPad's WiFi connection, iNavX™ can act as a repeater for popular marine navigation software that supports NMEA data over TCP/IP such as MacENC and Coastal Explorer. GPS, cell tower, WiFi) to plot your position in real-time on the multi-touch scrolling and zooming and rotating (including course up) marine chart. With iNavX™ you can use the built in location services (i.e. Verlag charts, Hilton's Fishing charts, TRAK Canada lakes fishing maps and Solteknik European waters charts may be purchased separately from X-Traverse. One app for all your devices with access to thousands of charts and maps: official CHS Canada charts, Navionics Gold charts, Fish'N'Chip charts, HotMaps, NV. Included detailed chart coverage: West Coast, Gulf Coast, East Coast, Great Lakes, Alaska, Hawaii, and US Virgin Islands. INavX™ brings the freely available, official and up to date NOAA RNC raster United States waters marine charts to your iPhone, iPod touch and iPad. And this waterproof casing here.įinally link it all together with your electronics with an iMux as alluded to in a former blog or have it as a stand alone product with its own GPS from Badelf. Take a look at i-Marine Apps for their "Getting Started with iNavX.Īnd then take a look at the iPad holders from Zacor. Try iNavX Review which has some great video tutorials. Search and see for yourselves but I'll place a few here and there are links in the following information. There is a multitude of sites through Google search which give excellent reviews and information about iNavX. ![]() ![]() ![]() The research team noted which companies excelled and which failed based on their findings. They took into account quality, features, price, and more while conducting their thorough evaluation of each Bloodstained Equipment. The research team offers their experience and accurate reviews of on the internet. So, leave all your worries behind, check out this ultimate guide, and make a hassle-free purchase decision. We understand how much of a hassle it can be to go through thousands of reviews when you have too many options. Check Price at Amazon Detailed Features and Comparison of Experts Recommended Best Bloodstained Equipment Reviews Check Price at Amazon 9 Journey to the Savage Planet - Nintendo Switch Check Price at Amazon 10 Neck Brace for Neck Pain and Support, Foam Cervical Collar for Sleeping, Vertebral Whiplash Wrap. Check Price at Amazon 5 Magic The Gathering - Bloodstained Mire (230/269) - Khans of Tarkir Check Price at Amazon 6 Death's Gambit - PlayStation 4 Check Price at Amazon 7 Interstate Apparel Men's MMA Wrestling Emblem Black Fleece Gym Jogger Sweatpants X-Large Black Check Price at Amazon 8 Women's Halloween Humor Funny Bloodstained I'm Fine Bloody Sweatshirt I'm Fine Blood. Check Price at Amazon 4 Women's Halloween Humor Funny Bloodstained I'm Fine Sweatshirt Blood Shirt Im Fine Bloody. # Preview Product 1 Bloodstained: Ritual of the Night - PlayStation 4 Check Price at Amazon 2 Magic The Gathering - Bloodstained Mire (230/269) - Khans of Tarkir - Foil Check Price at Amazon 3 Women's Halloween Humor Funny Bloodstained I'm Fine Bloody Sweatshirt Thin Material I'm F. ![]() ![]() ![]() Trap and Mine Damage Support - increases Trap damage, but decreases Throwing Speed Swift Assembly Support - you have now a chance to throw additional Traps Suggested leveling Gem setups: Explosive Trap setupĮxplosive Trap - It should be enough during the early stages of the game, it's a simple Trap that explodes multiple times upon activation Cold Iron point Requires Level 62, before that you can use any weapon that increases your Spell Damage, you can use Vendor Recipes for that, base Attack Damage of a weapon is not important. Don't use Seismic Trap without any secondary Trap Skill, it's too slow by itself, you can start using Exsanguinate linked with Trap Support early on, later the Trap Support should have a form of an Affix on your Rare Gloves. Use Explosive Trap, it's good for a start since it can be used at level 1 and shares similarities with other Physical Spell Traps so you don't have to deviate much from your intended Passive Skill Tree. Mana issues are common if not fully geared.good sustainability based on Saboteur's unique Keystones.strong single-target damage thanks to Seismic Trap.Here you can buy, sell, and trade PoE Currency for real cash. Odealo is a secure trading platform for MMO gamers. This video was recorded in Patch 3.15 - we will update it in the following days None of the items were expensive, and the total budget was less than 30 Exalted Orbs including Cluster Jewels - overall, this gave us reliable defenses and simply tons of DPS both single-target and AoE. This video was recorded on a level 91 Saboteur dual-wielding Cold Iron Point Daggers, wearing Devouring Diadem, Tinkerskin, and a set of random rares. Steelskin is probably the best Guard Spell, but Immortal Call linked with CwDM is a popular choice too. Assassin's Mark is the Curse that's the most beneficial, you can use it on Arcanist Brand. Use your Movement Skill to move faster and Evade Attacks. Place the Traps ahead of you as you go to clear the rooms, these will kill enemies before you will have a chance to see them. Seismic Trap is used to kill bosses and the Rare enemies that are more resistant to your Spells. Use the Exsanguinate Traps to deal with packs of enemies - it's really great even in closed spaces such as Cells Map. You can also check our other Path of Exile builds right over here Odealo's Crafty Guides - Full List 1. Patch 3.20 introduced almost no changes, but there are now a few new Items that could be implemented. In Patch 3.17, single target damage got slightly nerfed while its AoE has been improved - it won't affect the build in a major way. ![]() Evasion Rating is also more valuable - try to seek items with this stat alongside Maximum Life. The Passive Skill Tree is obviously different from the previous one due to the changes, but the core framework remains the same. The build itself hasn't changed much - we removed Fortify on Whirling Blades and replaced it with Lifetap Support, Fortify has its effectiveness now scaling with the melee damage. Patch 3.16 introduced some new ways to increase your Maximum Life, Damage, and shifted your defensive configuration to rely more on Evasion Rating, Spell Suppression, Energy Shield, and a new Keystone available for everyone - Ghost Shroud. It's currently one of, if not the best Saboteurs builds out there. The dual-DPS setup makes the build good in both situations - dealing with bosses and fast map clearing. Your total Maximum Life should be oscillating around 6k with particular resistance to Hits. The build is Life-based, cheap, and simple - it's a great League Starter. There are few to no Unique Items that are mandatory - the previously mentioned Cold Iron Point is too good to not pick it, The Devouring Diadem, Tinkerskin, or Slavedriver's Hand could suit this build and are worth your consideration. Saboteur is the obvious choice - it has great synergy with Traps and offers some great defensive layers. With Pyromaniac you're immune to Ignite and Shock and have a lot of Mana and Life Regeneration, with Born in the Shadows you're immune to Blind, nearby enemies and enemies you hit are Blinded, which makes them deal less damage.Īs with many of the Physical Spells builds, this one uses two Cold Iron Point Daggers for 6 additional Levels for your Physical Spells - that really improves your DPS. Additionally, Exsanguiate is great for quickly killing weak enemies - the tendrils instantly seek the nearest enemy and chain to another. Exsanguinate as Trap shares a lot of similarities with Seismic Trap, these are both Physical Spells (Exsanguinate needs to be linked with Trap Support). Due to its nature of being the most effective against stationary targets, it's not that great with fast map clearing - for that there is another setup with Exsanguinate. Seismic Trap is one of the few Duration Traps, that once placed stay active dealing damage to the surroundings. The Best Crafty Guides by Odealo Guide notes ![]() ![]() ![]() The processor will require a high-end AIO and will still run pretty hot. It can soak up as many as 253 watts of power while under full load, which is quite simply absurd. ![]() The 13700K is a great processor overall, but if it has any downside, that would be its power efficiency. Here are some recommendations for the best GPU for i7-13700K. The 13700K can easily support even an RTX 4090. You don’t have to worry about a bottleneck. ![]() If there is a way to get Dying Light 2 Stay Human for free, you will be the first to know GG. There are also regular giveaways on Epic Games Store. Speaking of GPUs, feel free to pair up the 13700K with the strongest GPU you can get your hands on. Stores like Humble Bundle or Indie Gala frequently give away free Steam keys for promotional purposes. The thing is, once you’re dealing with processors this powerful, you will almost always end up with a heavy GPU bottleneck, so minor differences in CPU specs tend to be less influential. Overall, it’s capable of competing with today’s flagships in both single-core and multicore performance brackets.įor gaming, you’ll see it offer a similar performance to the current flagships but at a more consumer-friendly price point. The Intel Core i7-13700K has a max boost clock of 5.4GHz. The processor actually has 8 hyperthreaded performance cores and 8 smaller efficiency cores without hyperthreading for more versatility. This atypical configuration can be owed to the hybrid core technology employed by Intel. The processor has an incredible 16 cores and 24 threads. Our recommendation for the best Dying Light 2 CPU is the Intel core i7-13700K. If you’re going to get a new CPU for Dying Light 2 and would like to get one capable of running the game at its best, it makes the most sense to go with something newer.īest CPU for Dying Light 2 – Intel Core i7-13700K While the Ryzen will give you a satisfactory 1080p experience, the 8600K will struggle to maintain a steady 60 FPS in high-intensity scenarios due to the fact that it doesn’t have hyperthreading. The Ryzen 5 3600X and Core i5-8600K are both very competent 6-core CPUs. That doesn’t seem to be the case here, though.ĭying Light 2 is a very demanding game, and that’s reflected somewhat by the recommended processors. Generally speaking, developers tend to be very lax with their system recommendations, as they want the most people to buy and experience their game. Processor: AMD / Intel CPU running at 3.6 GHz or higher: AMD Ryzen 5 3600X or Intel i5-8600K or newer Here’s a little snippet from the developer-recommended system specs for Dying Light 2: What are Dying Light 2’s CPU requirements? ![]() ![]() Photo journal to document your growing baby bump (and anything else you want!).A handy ovulation calculator that lets you track your periods and most fertile times when you’re trying to get pregnant.Helpful daily tips tailored to where you are in your pregnancy, postpartum or parenting journey.Baby development week-by-week and month-by-month guides that include sleep schedules, milestones, feeding tips and more.A week-by-week pregnancy tracker that details your baby's development based on your due date and helps you understand your changing body.KEY FEATURES OF THE WHAT TO EXPECT PREGNANCY APPĪn award-winning due date calculator that lets you figure out your baby’s due date, then provides fun facts about your baby’s birthday When your baby arrives, you’ll get regular updates on his or her development and growth, as well as expert advice on everything from postpartum healing and feeding to sleep schedules and milestones. Once you enter your due date and start using our pregnancy app, you can join a tight-knit community of parents and parents-to-be and get plenty of support from our active, caring birth-month groups. The What to Expect app provides you with your very own, tailor-made due date countdown fo Simply enter your baby’s due date (or use our pregnancy due date calculator if you’re not sure) to start tracking your baby’s growth today.īased on your due date or baby’s birthday, you’ll receive personalized info about your baby’s development, as well as expert articles, tips, helpful tools, compelling videos and more. What to Expect, the world’s best known, most trusted pregnancy and parenting brand, offers a pregnancy app that helps you prepare for parenthood and guides you through your journey day-by-day and week-by-week. Get the pregnancy app and baby tracker chosen by more than 15 million moms. ![]() ![]() We know this approach to creating subfolders and sublabels is a bit confusing - we're hoping to revisit it soon. For example, if an existing folder is called " Receipts", creating a new folder with the name " Receipts/Uber" will cause it to appear within the Receipts folder. To create a label or folder that will appear within an existing one, follow the instructions above but type a name that includes the existing folder as a prefix. After unsubscribing the IMAP folders, delete emails and check if they are coming back. Mailspring, Outlook Express, Apple Mail, and Mozilla Thunderbird can all be. Click the Query button in Subscribe tab and select the folders where deleted emails are coming back Click the Unsubscribe button and click OK to confirm. Whitworth coming back out of retirement after the Bengals lost right. When you're done editing, type "Return" or "Enter" to create the new item. Right-click on the email folder, such as Inbox, and choose IMAP folders. Confirm the IMAP server and port is correct. If you're using Unified Inbox, the section may display the name of your email account.Ĭlick the “+” that appears to create a new folder or label and then type the name you'd like to use. HubSpot cannot connect to the corresponding IMAP server on the given port. If I open Mailspring, not only the sync has not been done, but Mailspring will never sync my account again. I accidently dragged a folder to my inbox in outlook using imap. In Mailspring, top-right corner, click on the button 'Sync New Mail Now' Just after the click, close Mailspring during the sync and Mailspring will be reduced in the Traybar in Windows 10 but still working. Once deleted, reopen Outlook and check if the email is deleted from your Outlook account. To resolve this issue, you have to close Outlook and then log in to your webmail account to delete the email from the draft folder. This is because the folder is still in my webmail system. > The folder still come back in one second, but the emails in it didn't come back. Besides, we can also press Shirt +Delete to hard delete this folder. ![]() To add a new folder or label to one of your email accounts, hover over the header of the "Folders" or "Labels" section in the sidebar. Deleted folder keeps coming back - Outlook 2016. This issue would normally occur if there is any delay or synchronization error between Outlook and Webmail. When you delete a folder in Outlook, click Folder > Update Folder List to see if it helps. I've re-started computer, repaired disc using first aid, I've also deleted the few mails that were in the folder and tried to delete the empty folder and I've even re-named the folder and then tried deleting it – nothing works.We are phasing out Zendesk. After I click the confirm button it is still there and didn't delete like the others I deleted. Surely, this ends up with an error while sending an email. Often, this may happen due to human errors such as extra space, typing errors in user details, etc. Sometimes, customers may give incorrect user name and password. However, this morning I was deleting some of these mail folders as I no longer needed them, but one of them won't delete when I right click on it and select the Delete Mailbox. This is one of the reasons why the email client such as Mailspring does not receive and send an email. I've done this loads of times and have about 10 mailbox folders down the left side. you can create a new mail folder down the left for dragging/dropping emails into. ![]() ![]() In Mail if you go to Mailbox/New Mailbox. Most people simply explain how to remove an account from Mail, when all I want to do is delete a mailbox that I created in Mail. I first Googled this question, but none of the answers work for me. ![]() ![]() ![]() In the diagram pictured at the top, it categorises a water mass by the temperature and salinity of the water and is represented by a single point. The best method of classifying a water mass is through using a T-S diagram. Temperature and salinity diagram Temperature and salinity diagram Freshwater freezes at the standard 0☌ (32☏), while saltwater freezes at an average of -2☌ (28.4☏). The salinity of the water makes water freeze at lower temperatures than freshwater. This also in turn causes the salinity of the water to decrease. However, because water increases its volume by about 9% when frozen, this makes the ice less dense than the water which is why glaciers float. When ice is being formed in a cold climate like Antarctica, the cold temperatures separate the molecular bonds of the water causing it to become less dense. Water Masses are formed from regions of water having different temperatures. The central waters of various oceanic basinsĪlthough there are many types of water masses, they all share characteristics.North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW).It is very cold but, not quite freezing so the water moves down and along the ocean floor. Antarctic Bottom Water is the left over part when sea ice is being made. Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW): Antarctic Bottom Water is a very important water mass.Water masses are also distinguished by their vertical position so that there are surface water masses, intermediate water masses and deep water masses.Ĭommon water masses in the world ocean are: Water masses are generally distinguished not only by their respective tracers but also by their location in the Worlds' oceans. Water mass is also identified by its non-conservative flow tracers such as silicate, nitrate, oxygen, and phosphate. Properties include temperature, salinity, chemical - isotopic ratios, and other physical quantities which are conservative flow tracers. "This is a good example of how human activities are impacting natural cycles in the ocean," said Stevens, who was previously a BATS research technician from 2014 through 2017 before beginning his doctoral work, which leverages the work he did with BATS/BIOS.An example of different water masses in the Southern Ocean.Īn oceanographic water mass is an identifiable body of water with a common formation history which has physical properties distinct from surrounding water. These findings outline a worrying relationship where ocean warming is restricting STMW formation and changing the anatomy of the North Atlantic, making it a less efficient sink for heat and carbon dioxide. "We find that the loss is correlated with different climate change indicators, such as increased surface ocean heat content, suggesting that ocean warming may have played a role in the reduced STMW formation of the past decade." "Although some STMW loss is expected due to the prevailing atmospheric conditions of the past decade, these conditions do not explain the magnitude of loss that we have recorded," said Professor Nick Bates, BIOS senior scientist and principal investigator of the BATS Program. This loss is coupled with a significant warming of the STMW (0.5 to 0.71 degrees Celsius or 0.9 to 1.3 degrees Fahrenheit), culminating in the weakest, warmest STMW layer ever recorded. Using data from two of the world's longest-running open-ocean research programs - the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) Program and Hydrostation 'S' - the team found that as much as 93% of STMW has been lost in the past decade. It represents around 20% of the entire carbon dioxide uptake in the mid-latitude North Atlantic and is an important reservoir of nutrients for phytoplankton - the base of the marine food chain - at the surface of the ocean. One particular layer in the North Atlantic Ocean, a water mass called the North Atlantic Subtropical Mode Water (or STMW), is very efficient at drawing carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere. "Studying changes in the structure of the world's oceans can provide us with vital insight into this process and how the ocean is responding to climate change." "The oceans play a vital role in buffering the Earth from climate change by absorbing carbon dioxide and heat at the surface and transporting it in the deep ocean, where it is trapped for long periods," said Sam Stevens, doctoral candidate at the University of British Columbia and lead author on the study. A team of scientists from the University of British Columbia, the Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences (BIOS), the French Institute for Ocean Science at the University of Brest, and the University of Southampton recently published the results of an analysis of North Atlantic Ocean water masses in the journal Nature Climate Change. ![]() |
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